The importance of movement
The part of neuro-psychomotor at the moment in the writing and design is essential because you draw or writing well requires that the child has all the neuropsychomotor prerequisites well-established:
- postural control,
- motility the end of the hand,
- the outlet of the graph tool
- force control/tone of the movements
- good hand eye co-ordination.
For this reason, it is essential to describe some valuable tricks for the large and the small ones you wish to draw and write.
Let's focus this article on the part of the handle to correct the graph tool.
But why is it so important to handle correctly?
A lousy grip determines muscle tension excessive level of the arm (from the hand up to the shoulder). Infiniband accordingly the fluidity of the graphic gesture and making it much easier time of writing or draw.
From the structural point of view, the hold the pen in the wrong way is to be determined, or it determines an alteration of the posture.
The child may tilt to the left or the right, causing a posture that prevents the diaphragm from moving according to his physiology, resulting in adaptations of the respiratory system and a steepening of the attitudes scoliotic. The handle incorrect of the pen has also impacted the view. An angle exceeding 20° from the perpendicular ideal threatens to cause a reduction of lighting, and taking the pen too close to the tip inevitably leads to hiding the text on the sheet, forcing a rotation of the notebook to 90 degrees to be able to see.
How to hold the pen or pencil?
• THE OUTLET OF THE INSTRUMENT IS THE “CLAMP-ON” BETWEEN THE THUMB AND THE INDEX, AND THE FIRST PHALANX OF THE MIDDLE FINGER ACTS AS A SUPPORT TO ENSURE A REGULAR TRIM. THE RING AND LITTLE FINGERS, SEMIPIEGATI, ENSURE THE CONTACT OF THE HAND WITH THE PAPER.
• THE GRAPHICAL TOOL IS GRIPPED IN ABOUT TWO FINGERS FROM THE TIP.
As you develop the ability to take the marker with the correct socket?
The literature, are described three stages of development: it was primitive, outlet, transitional, and took mature (Henderson and Shneck, 1990).
Initially , to 10 12 months, the prehension is of type handheldgrabbing force the pencil with the whole palm (without using the fingers). This limits the variation of movements and the field of vision of the track left on the sheet. Later, between 18 months and two years of age, the child begins to resting the elbow and to produce a greater variety of lines, by moving the forearm. Then , at the age of 3 years, gradually transitions to a grip tripod with opposition index thumb with the wrist hard ( socket tripod static) and then, at the age of 4 years ( socket tripod dynamic), with the movement of the wrist directs the tool to chart, while the middle finger supports the side of the pen.
The importance of being able to sit compounds
How should the child sit while drawing or writing:
- feet are flat on the floor,
- sitting comfortably,
- upright and tilted slightly forward, but not leaning on the table
- shoulders relaxed,
- elbows both on the table,
- hand writing rests open on the sheet, under the hand writing"
- about two-thirds of the forearm that the writer must be placed at the table.
What games can we propose to train the prehension (without the child noticing)?
To train the understanding correctly, there are toys/activities that you can suggest to your child in an indirect way and more fun, and that have the function to train all the components that are the basis for a good understanding.
Grip clamp (thumb index): play with nails (put on and take off from the grid), with the clothespins to open and close for press fittings, with balls of pongo from crushing, material filiform to be taken at the level proximal to the thumb and the index, for example, shanghai, toothpicks, cotton fiocche, straws, spaghetti
For the mobility of the arm and wrist: throw balls of different weights, make small balls or snakes of dough on the counter, move a ball with the hand on the wall and slide it with the hand to make paths in a position to borrow (the child begins with a belly-to-earth, the mate holds the legs, and the child walks on the floor, leaning on your hands)
Awareness of fine motor: imitate the motion global of the hand and fingers, to make the game of fingerprints by requiring the child put his hands in the shapes arranged with different orientations on the bench, use a nursery rhyme or song to give a rhythm to the movement, and make it more pleasant.
Very often, we draw or write the child with what happens (pencils, pens, crayons), but attention must also be given to this aspect, and graphical tools have a sequence of difficulty.
We will discuss this in the next article, always with Martina Semino, neuropsicomotricista of Tice.
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